Water Turbine- Principle

A water turbine is a rotary machine that converts kinetic energy and potential energy of water into mechanical work.
Water turbines were developed in the 19th century and were widely used for industrial power prior to electrical grids. Now they are mostly used for electric power generation. Water turbines are mostly found in dams to generate electric power from water kinetic energy.
For making a water turbine its necessary understand its concept.
A water turbine consists of a spinning wheel which has cups attached to it such that, when the water falls on one of the cups, the pressure will push it downwards and the cup above it will come at the former's place. This spinning wheel and cups is attached to the base by two or more shafts.
The spinning wheel is attached by a wheel and axle arrangement. the wheel and axle consists of  the spinning wheel, another cmplementary wheel and an axle. The complementary wheel has a place for a rubber band (for a small turbine) or a rope to sit. It is arranged this way that when the cups move by the pressure of water, the axle is also made to made. When the axle moves, the wheel is also moved. The rubber band or rope on the wheel is made ro sit on the motor such that when the wheel is moved the motor also moves.
When the motor is moved, the copper wires inside it makes produces EMF ( Electro magnetic field). This generates electricity.
We can use this electricity in many ways. If the water energy is more it can even charge a car's battery, whereas little energy can light a LED.
 
Blog written by:
Rakshit