Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) is formed by the reaction of ethylene oxide and water under pressure in the presence of a catalyst. Chemical formula of Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is C2nH4n+2On+1. PEG is also known as polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyoxyethylene (POE), depending on its molecular weight.
PEG is soluble in water and miscible in all proportions with any other grade of PEG (after melting, if necessary).PEG also is soluble in methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, benzene, and dichloromethane, and is insoluble in diethyl ether and hexane.PEGs potentially contain toxic impurities, such as ethylene oxide and 1,4-dioxane.
Liquid PEGs are soluble in acetone, alcohols, benzene, glycerin, and glycols. Solid PEGs are soluble in acetone, dichloromethane, ethanol (95%), and methanol; they are slightly soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons and ether but insoluble in fats, fixed oils, and mineral oil. Aqueous solutions of higher-molecular-weight grades may form gels. It is coupled to hydrophobic molecules to produce non-ionic surfactants.
Applications Of Polyethylene Glycol :-
1. Polyethylene glycols have been used in the preparation of urethane hydro gels, which are used as controlled-release agents.
2. Polyethylene glycol has also been used in insulin-loaded micro particles for the oral delivery of insulin.
3. It has been used in inhalation preparations to improve aerosolization.
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